The habitat is varied consisting of thickets, pastures, marshes, and dense undergrowth in clearings at the forest's edge or in gardens or city parks and along coastlines and watercourses and stretches from the Aleutian island down the pacific coast and across Canada and the northern half of the United States below the tree line.  The Song Sparrow remains close to its breeding territory all year throughout most of its range however it does retreat from the northern Canada in the winter.

During courting the male pursues the female from perch to perch stretches its neck with tail held high while fluttering his wings and of course serenading her with his melodious voice.  The relationships are usually monogamous except where females outnumber males after the death of a male mate.  Some pairs remain together in successive years.

A clutch consists of 3-6 brown spotted pale green eggs laid in a sturdy cup of grass, stems,  and leaves, usually concealed in a clump of weeds or under a bush.  Later in the year the second nest may be built up to 30 feet above the ground.  Along with the Yellow Warbler they are one of the most frequent hosts for the brown-headed cowbirds which they will sometimes recognize and attack.  While the female incubates the eggs for 12-15 days but the hatchlings are cared for by both parents until they leave the nest about ten days later.   Once the fledglings can fly well the male will take charge as the female starts a second brood.  The young leave the nesting territory within 21-30 days.  The diet consists of insects, grass seeds, grain, and berries as well as crustaceans and mollusks along the coast.

Length: 5-7 inches